Posted By :  

A recent study has found that a new AI system can diagnose medical cases as accurately as experienced doctors, while also reducing costs. The AI, called the Microsoft AI Diagnostic Orchestrator (MAI‑DxO), correctly identified the right diagnosis in 85–85.5% of complex medical cases sourced from the New England Journal of Medicine, compared to about 20% accuracy by a group of doctors who performed under limited conditions.

The strength of MAI‑DxO lies in its “chain‑of‑debate” process. Instead of simply providing an instant answer, the system uses multiple AI models that simulate a panel of doctors discussing each step. They generate hypotheses, determine which tests to order, and arrive at a final diagnosis. This method not only improves accuracy but also allows the AI to be cost‑conscious, cutting unnecessary tests and reducing expenses.

Beyond cost savings, this system represents a significant shift in healthcare diagnostics. Microsoft describes it as a path toward “medical superintelligence,” a tool that could ease the pressure on overstretched healthcare systems and reduce errors. While still in the research stage and not yet available for clinical use, its promising results signal a future where AI may enhance healthcare delivery worldwide .

Experts, however, urge caution. They note the study lacked real‑world testing conditions—doctors did not have access to tools like textbooks or colleagues, and real patients present more complexity. Clinical trials are needed to confirm safety, effectiveness, and how well the AI works alongside human judgement. Microsoft emphasizes that MAI‑DxO will be used to support, not replace, medical professionals.